Small-Area Estimation Under Informative Probability Sampling of Areas and Within the Selected Areas

Small Area Estimation under Informative Probability Sampling of Areas and Within the Selected Areas

In this article we show how to predict small area means and obtain valid MSE estimators and confidence intervals when the areas represented in the sample are sampled with unequal probabilities that are possibly related to the true (unknown) area means, and the sampling of units within the selected areas is with probabilities that are possibly related to the outcome values. Ignoring the effects ...

Targeting deprived areas within small areas in Scotland: population study.

Parametric Distributions of Complex Survey Data under Informative Probability Sampling

The sample distribution is defined as the distribution of the sample measurements given the selected sample. Under informative sampling, this distribution is different from the corresponding population distribution, although for several examples the two distributions are shown to be in the same family and only differ in some or all the parameters. A general approach of approximating the margina...

Heterogeneity of deprivation within very small areas.

Area based measures of deprivation are used for resource allocation and research. In both these uses there is continuing debate about the likely proportion of deprived people who would be missed if area based indices were used for interventions or targeting resources. This report uses the same source deprivation variables at area and individual levels to quantify the degree of deprivation heter...

heterogeneity within the orientalist discourse: representation of the orient in womens travelogues and mens paintings

from 1950s onward, new theories and critical approaches burgeoned across humanities. these theories were context-oriented; as a result, the analysis of discursive practices gained significance. thus, social, political, historical and cultural discourses that have been hitherto marginalized and considered inferior to literary texts, were introduced as important texts to be analyzed by critics. o...